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Yara Sallam ((アラビア語:يارا رفعت سلّام)) (born November 24, 1985) is a prominent Egyptian feminist and human rights defender. She has worked as a lawyer and researcher for several Egyptian and international human rights organizations, as well as for the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR). On June 21, 2014, she was arrested along with at least 30 other activists who were marching near Ittihadiya Palace, the Presidential offices in Cairo, in a peaceful demonstration against the Egyptian law that curtails the right to protest. Her trial along with 22 fellow demonstrators, all charged with violating the protest law, has become a symbol of resistance to harsh restrictions on dissent imposed by the government of President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi. Amnesty International called the case a "show-trial based on scant and dubious evidence that is intended to be a clear warning to anyone who defies Egypt’s protest law."〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Amnesty International )〕 ==Career and activism== Yara Sallam was born in Cairo's Heliopolis district to parents with a history of engagement in leftist causes. She later said, "I didn’t need to read the theories and the books to practice feminism. I was lucky to be raised in a leftist family that believes in equality between men and women, and applies these values." Sallam also told an interviewer in 2013 that her interest in human rights emerged at the age of 15, when "I was a member in ''Al-Nosoor al-Sagheera'' (The Young Eagles), which was working on children's rights." 〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Women Living Under Muslim Laws )〕 According to the Egyptian online newspaper ''Mada Masr'', "The group attracted middle-class families with leftist leanings and who sent their children to the group’s meetings and camps in the 1990s and early 2000s. The group contributed to engaging these children with human rights issues." Sallam studied law, receiving a law degree from Cairo University in 2007 and a Maîtrise in Commercial Law from Pantheon-Sorbonne University in Paris, France in 2007. She also studied in the United States, and received a Master of Laws degree (LL.M.) in International Human Rights Law from the University of Notre Dame in 2010. While pursuing these degrees, she also worked professionally as a human rights activist in Egypt. As a researcher at the Cairo offices of the Institut de recherche pour le développement, a French think-tank, she investigated the effects of divorce law and policy on Egyptian women's lives. Later she joined the Civil Freedoms Unit at the Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights (EIPR), a leading domestic human rights group. There she focused on discrimination and violence against religious minorities. Hossam Bahgat, founder of the EIPR, later recalled: “One of the remarkable things about Yara is her ability to carry out professional work without losing sight of her feelings ... I remember in 2009 when there were attacks on Bahá'ís’ home in a village near Sohag, I came into Yara’s office while she was taking a testimony over the phone from a 70-year-old woman; the woman’s house had been burned down, she had been expelled from her village, and her only hope was to return to her home to die there. Yara hung up, put the phone down next to her, and started writing on the computer while bursting into tears.” After receiving her LL.M, Sallam moved to The Gambia to work as a legal assistant to the African Commission on Human and People's Rights. She returned to Egypt after the 2011 Revolution, and was recruited by Nazra for Feminist Studies, a women's rights group, to direct its Women's Human Rights Defenders program. Her work documenting abuses against women activists won her the North African Human Rights Defender Shield Award in 2013, given by the Pan-African Human Rights Defenders Network.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=East and Horn of Africa Human Rights Defenders Project (EHAHRDP) url=http://www.defenddefenders.org/2013-human-rights-defenders-awards/ )〕 Describing the situation of Egypt's women that year, Sallam said, "Not only do we have a government that does not bear its responsibility for human rights violations, including violence against women rising to the extent of rape with sharp weapons in Tahrir Square, but also allows statements from officials blaming women for the sexual assault. ... The struggle continues, not only against the regime, but also with civil groups who are not convinced of the importance to push for women’s inclusion in the public sphere."〔 In June 2013, she rejoined the Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights as a researcher in the Transitional Justice Unit. She took the lead in documenting the violent repression of anti-government protests in the summer and fall of 2013, massacres which led to the deaths of over 1000 protesters. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yara Sallam」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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